Heatstroke: how to prevent it and what to do if it happens

Dogs sweat very little and overheat quickly. The warning signs, first aid and the breeds most at risk.

Who is most at risk

Short-nosed breeds, such as bulldogs, pugs or boxers.
Puppies, older animals and those that are overweight or have heart problems.
Those with very thick coats.
Rabbits, guinea pigs and other small mammals, which also have a very hard time in the heat.

How to prevent it

Walk early in the morning and late in the day, and avoid hot tarmac: put your hand on it; if it burns you, it burns them.
Fresh water always, also on walks.
Never leave it in the car, not even for a moment (Ley 7/2023, the Animal Welfare Act, art. 24.2.d).
Shade and a cool spot at home. A cooling mat helps.

Warning signs

Very heavy panting, drooling, very red or purple tongue and gums, staggering, vomiting, disorientation or collapse.

What to do

Move it into the shade, wet it with cool water, not ice-cold, especially on the neck, armpits, groin and paws, and offer it water without forcing it to drink. And call the vet or go to an emergency clinic even if it seems to recover: heatstroke can cause damage you cannot see.